National legislation
Select a country from the list below to access legislation issued by each national government relating to the rights of nature. The documents are categorised by the entity the legislation concerns.
- Australia
- Benin
- Belize
- Bolivia
- Costa Rica
- Colombia
- Ecuador
- El Salvador
- France (New Caledonia)
- France
- Mexico
- New Zealand
- Panama
- Philippines
- Spain
- Uganda
Road
River
Forest
- Sacred Forest Law (2012).
Reef system
Constitution
Mother Earth
- Peoples's Manifesto for Life (Declaration) "Toro toro" (2016).
- Call to action Re-Establishing our connection with Pachamama (2021).
Rights of nature
- Mother Earth Rights Law + UN of the Rights of Mother Earth [PDF 1,014KB] (2010).
- Law 300. Framework Law of Mother Earth and Integral Deveopment to Live Well [PDF 229KB] (2012).
Mother Earth
River
- Ranchería River Law (2024).
Nature
Indigenous Cosmovision
River
Trees
Eco-Governance System
Mexico City - Decree amending the Environmental Law of the Federal District [PDF 449KB] (2013).
Native Corn and its Ecosystems (Indigenous)
- Local Corn varieties Decree (2022).
Rights of nature
- Guerrero State - Constitutional amendment on the Rights to nature (2014).
- Mexico City - Constitutional amendment on the Rights of Nature (2017).
- Colima State - Constitutional amendment on the Rights to nature (2019).
- Oaxaca State - Constitutional amendment on the Rights to nature (2021).
River
Indigenous Ontologies of Nature
- Resource Management Act (1991).
- Ngai Tahu Claims Settlement Act (1998).
- Te Uri o Hau Claims Settlement Act (2002).
- Ngāti Tuwharetoa (Bay of Plenty) Claims Settlement Act (2005).
- Te Arawa Lakes Settlement Act Indigenous Ontologies of Nature (2006).
- Waikato River:
- Ngati Pahauwera Treaty Claims Sttlement Act (2012).
- Nga Wai o Maniapoto (Waipa River) Act (2012).
- Ngāti Manawa Claims Settlement Act (2012).
- Ngāti Whare Claims Settlement Act (2012).
- Ngai Tuhoe Deed of Settlement 4 Jun 2013 (Te Urewera) [PDF 2,589KB] (2013).
- Te Urewera Act - 2014 [PDF 836KB] (2014).
- Te Awa Tupua Whanganui River Claims Settlement Bill - 2016 [PDF 520KB] (2017).
- Taranaki Maunga Te Anga Putakerongo - Record of Understanding [PDF 886KB] (2017).
- Te Awa Tupua (Whanganui River Claims Settlement) Act (2017).
- Taranaki Maunga Record of Understanding (2017).
- Ngāti Tūwharetoa Claims Settlement Act (2018).
- Ngāti Rangi Claims Settlement Act (2019).
- National Policy Statement for Freshwater Management (2020).
- Taumata Arowai–the Water Services Regulator Act (2020).
- Water Services Act (2021).
River
- Whanganui River:
- Whanganui River Agreement - 2012 [PDF 117KB] (2012).
- Whanganui River Report - 1999 [PDF 12,685KB] (2019).
- Whanganui Iwi Ruruku Whakatupua Te Tanekaha Supplementary Deed - 27 April 2016 [PDF 282KB] (2016).
- Whanganui Iwi Whanganui River Deed of Settlement Summary - 5 August 2014 [PDF 1,333KB] (2014).
- Whanganui River Deed of Settlement Ruruku Whakatupua Te Mana o Te Awa Tupua 5 August 2014 [PDF 1,810KB] (2014).
- Whanganui River Deed of Settlement Ruruku Whakatupua Te Mana o Te Iwi o Whanganui - 5 August 2014 [PDF 1,089KB] (2014).
Lagoon
- Mar Menor Act (2022).